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Operation Triton
Operation Triton is a border security operation conducted by Frontex, the European Union's border security agency. The operation, under Italian control, began on 1 November 2014 and involves voluntary contributions from 15 other European nations (both EU member states and non-members). Current voluntary contributors to Operation Triton are Croatia, Iceland, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands, France, Spain, Ireland, Portugal, Austria, Switzerland, Romania, Poland, Lithuania and Malta.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Frontex Triton operation to 'support' Italy's Mare Nostrum )〕 The operation was undertaken after Italy ended Operation Mare Nostrum, which had become too costly for a single country to fund; it was costing the Italian government €9 million per month for an operation that lasted 12 months. The Italian government had requested additional funds from the other EU member states but they did not offer the requested support.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Italy Is About to Shut Down the Sea Rescue Operation That Saved More Than 90,000 Migrants This Year )〕
==Assets==
The operation's assets consist of two surveillance aircraft, three ships and seven teams of staff who gather intelligence and conduct screening/identification processing. Its budget is estimated at €2.9 million per month.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=EC MEMO, Brussels, 7 October 2014, Frontex Joint Operation 'Triton' – Concerted efforts to manage migration in the Central Mediterranean )〕
Since the operation began the number of migrants who drowned while crossing the Mediterranean has dramatically increased with the April 2015 Libya migrant shipwrecks resulting in over 1,000 deaths alone. The International Organization for Migration says that deaths at sea have risen nine times after the end of Operation Mare Nostrum.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Up to 700 feared dead after migrant boat sinks off Libya )〕 The New York Times reported that early 2015 saw a 1600% increase in the number of migrants drowning while attempting to cross the Mediterranean as compared to the same period in early 2014.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=What’s Behind the Surge in Refugees Crossing the Mediterranean Sea )〕 In 2015, Croatian warship BŠ-72 Andrija Mohorovičić joined the rescue efforts.〔http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/posada-ratnog-broda-koji-ce-spasavati-imigrante-izvjezbana-je-za-sve-uvjete-i-izazove---382853.html〕〔http://www.morh.hr/en/news/press-releases/11860-andrija-mohorovi%C4%8Di%C4%87-to-take-part-in-joint-operation-triton.html〕〔http://www.morh.hr/en/news/press-releases/11897-%E2%80%9Candrija-mohorovi%C4%8Di%C4%87%E2%80%9C-crew-rescues-137-immigrants.html〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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